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Chocolate Cyst

Chocolate cyst  (Endometriosis) is a common condition in women of reproductive age. Chocolate cysts are ovarian sacs or sacs filled with fluid and old blood. Also known as endometriomas, they are not cancerous. A chocolate cyst occurs when an endometrial tissue grows abnormally and attaches to the ovaries.

What is a Chocolate Cyst?

Chocolate cyst is not a cancer. It is a condition that can lead to menstrual pain, groin pain, infertility. While the complaints are very mild in some patients, they can be severe enough to prevent daily life in some patients.

Since the endometrium, which is the inner layer of the uterus, is sensitive to female hormones, endometriosis foci are also sensitive to female hormones and may be affected by periods when female hormones change, such as menopause and pregnancy.

Where Does Endometriosis Occur?

Although endometriomas are benign tumors, they often adhere to neighboring organs such as the bowel, bladder, uterus, and may cause related complaints. These adhesion conditions are the result of endometriomas. Surgcial It is one of the reasons that makes their treatment difficult.

Cysts in the ovaries;  They are called endometriomas  or  chocolate cysts  . The reason for the formation of chocolate cysts; It is the bleeding of endometriosis foci located in the ovaries in various periods and the resulting blood accumulations.

What are the Symptoms of Chocolate Cyst (Endometriosis)?

Chocolate cyst symptoms;

  • painful menstrual periods
  • pelvic pain between menstrual periods
  • Pain during sexual intercourse
  • digestive problems
  • painful bowel movements
  • heavy (heavy) menstrual periods
  • Difficulty getting pregnant (infertility, miscarriage)

It is in the form.

Where Does Chocolate Cyst Cause Pain?

Chocolate cyst; It causes pain in the pelvic, abdominal and leg areas. Pain is usually severe during menstrual periods. Pain sensitivity may increase while sitting or sudden movements. In some cases, pain may be experienced in the back and waist regions of the chocolate cyst.

How Do We Know You Have Endometriosis?

To understand that you have endometriosis;

  • painful menstrual periods
  • pelvic pain between menstrual periods
  • Pain during sexual intercourse
  • digestive problems
  • painful bowel movements
  • heavy (heavy) menstrual periods
  • Difficulty getting pregnant (infertility, miscarriage)

If you have the symptoms, you may be suspicious at first. However, for a definitive diagnosis, your gynecological oncologist must be consulted.Ultrasound inspection is required.

Does Endometriosis Cause Discharge?

Endometriosis can cause discharge. Cysts formed in the ovaries; In the case of endometriosis, bleeding can be seen because there is already blood accumulation. Chocolate cysts can cause brown discharge before or after menstruation.

Does Chocolate Cyst Cause Menstrual Irregularity?

Chocolate cyst can cause menstrual irregularity in some cases. However, we cannot say that it is a complete result of the chocolate cyst. Breakthrough bleeding and severe painful periods should be considered.

Does Chocolate Cyst Turn into Cancer?

Some studies have shown that chocolate cysts may be associated with some types of ovarian cancer. However, it is not considered a pre-cancerous (premalignant) condition and screening is not recommended.

Likewise, no evidence has been shown that removal of endometriomas as a precaution prevents progression to cancer.

Is Chocolate Cyst an Obstacle to Pregnancy?

Among the symptoms of chocolate cysts is difficulty in pregnancy. Untreated chocolate cysts can prevent pregnancy. Endometriosis can lead to infertility. It is important to ensure that the ovaries are healthy, as abnormal growths filled with fluids and wastes always cause large swellings and ruptures in the ovarian structures. Egg they lead to inflamed parts that inhibit its ability to produce. Therefore, it is recommended to seek professional medical treatment from a gynecologist as soon as painful and irregular periods often occur.

Who Gets Chocolate Cysts?

Chocolate cysts; It is a situation faced by most women today. The occurrence of endometriosis;

  • progesterone, estrogen at levels significant hormonal problems such as thyroid, PCOS, and regular intake of prescription fertility drugs that cause harmful fluctuations,
  • Infections in the pelvic region, which can spread to neighboring organs, tissues and affect the ovaries if care is not taken,
  • Previous occurrences of ovarian cysts that may reappear months or even years after they have completely healed

It triggers.

How to Shrink a Chocolate Cyst?

Chocolate cysts usually do not shrink on their own. For this reason, “Do chocolate cysts go away on their own?” The answer to the question is also negative. Endometriosis can cause irreversible problems in the advanced stage. Chocolate cysts symptoms we explained; In case of any symptom, the necessary diagnosis and treatments should be applied by a specialist gynecologist.

Do Chocolate Cysts Explode?

Chocolate cysts can burst. Explosion of ovarian cysts causes serious problems. If chocolate cysts burst;

  • Pain with fever and vomiting
  • sudden, severe abdominal pain
  • fainting, dizziness or weakness
  • Fast breath taking
  • Bleeding

Symptoms can be seen.

What Can Be Done for Endometriosis?

If you suspect that you have a chocolate cyst, you should first calm your stressed mood. Herbal teas, regular nutrition, exercise and adequate sleep, in short, the steps you will take to improve your quality of life can prepare you for treatment psychologically. But these are not basic things to do for chocolate cysts. If you are showing signs of endometriosis, you should see a gynecologist without wasting time. Specialized gynecologist; will plan the appropriate treatment for your ovarian cysts.

Chocolate Cyst Diagnosis and Treatment Methods

Chocolate cyst diagnosis and treatment methods should be planned by a gynecological oncology specialist. In the diagnosis of chocolate cyst; ultrasound and  CA-125 testing  are widely used. Treatment of diagnosed endometriosis is with medication according to the size of the cyst and symptoms; In cases where the drug is insufficient, it can be treated with laparoscopic or robotic surgery. Laparoscopic and robotic surgery in the treatment of chocolate cysts patients is reliably preferred.

How Is Endometriosis Diagnosed?

In our previous article, we talked about the symptoms and frequently asked questions about Endometriosis, which is seen in most women. “How is endometriosis diagnosed?”  First of all, to answer the question;

  • painful menstrual period
  • Pelvic pain during or after menstrual periods
  • pain during sexual intercourse
  • Difficulty in pregnancy
  • Heavy and heavy menstrual period

The symptoms in the form; We can say that it is the simplest diagnosis for endometriosis. Your specialist gynecologist, whom you consult with these symptoms, to diagnose your chocolate cyst;

  • pelvic exam
  • Various blood tests
  • ultrasound
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • Laparoscopy (for biopsy purposes)

He will follow his procedures.

How is a Chocolate Cyst Diagnosed in Young Girls?

An ultrasound imaging procedure is used to diagnose a chocolate cyst in teenage girls. Your gynecologist examining for a chocolate cyst may also order various blood tests. In addition to the formation of endometriosis, ultrasound and blood test procedures are applied for other ovarian cysts (pcos, fibroids).

Pelvic examination, on the other hand, can be performed to check whether the cysts are palpable by applying pressure to the abdominal region by groping. A pelvic exam and a vaginal exam are not the same thing.

Diagnosis of chocolate cyst or other ovarian cysts in young girls because of not taking routines such as annual pap smear test; It is possible by not ignoring the symptoms we explained in our previous article   .

Contrary to the public's emphasis on "painful menstrual periods are normal"; It is not normal for the menstrual period to be intensely painful . If problems such as pelvic pain and heavy bleeding are such that they affect your daily life negatively, you may need a gynecologist's examination without wasting time.

Laparoscopy  can be used to diagnose ovarian cysts. This procedure; A biopsy is taken with small incisions in the abdomen. It is usually applied for large cysts.

In the diagnosis of endometriosis and other ovarian cysts applied the procedures do not harm the vaginal tissues of young girls (the hymen) and their fertility; It is a priority issue for every gynecologist.

In Which Analysis Is Endometriosis Determined?

For chocolate cyst, blood tests are taken as well as pelvic examination and ultrasound procedures. Chocolate cyst;

  • Ca – 125
  • Ca – 19-9

It is evident in his works. The HE4 test has also recently been used in the diagnosis of Endometriosis. At the same time, hormone tests (such as FSH / LH, Anti Müllerian, Total testosterone) and Beta HCG test may be requested for the diagnosis of other ovarian cysts.

Is Endometriosis Determined by Ultrasound?

If you are experiencing the symptoms of chocolate cyst; Ultrasound is required for examination and definitive diagnosis. Endometriosis is usually detected by ultrasound. However; on ultrason It may not be possible to determine the type of every cyst seen. Additional procedures may also be applied for definitive diagnosis. While ultrasound and blood tests are sufficient for diagnosis in young girls; transvaginal ultrasonography may also be needed in women.

It is worth repeating; In the diagnosis of endometriosis or other ovarian cysts in young girls, there is no vaginal intervention except in extreme cases.

How Is Endometriosis Treated?

“How is endometriosis treated?” The answer to the question is more than one. For the treatment of chocolate cysts;

They are common options. Endometriosis treatment;

  • Your age
  • your symptoms
  • Whether both ovaries are affected
  • Whether you want to have children

It may vary with factors such as: Your gynecologist will plan the most appropriate procedure for your treatment.

Treatment of Endometriosis with Medication

If the chocolate cyst is small and does not cause severe symptoms, your gynecologist may recommend medication. Birth control pills do not shrink your existing chocolate cysts; it will only help relieve your symptoms and regulate your hormones.

Do Birth Control Pills Cause Infertility?

The important issue for every gynecologist; preserving the fertility of patients. Birth control pills do not cause infertility in patients prescribed for ovarian cysts by a specialist gynecologist and observed with regular examination. What can cause infertility is not birth control pills with appropriate treatment; To delay the treatment of endometriosis and other ovarian cysts.

In Which Situations Does Chocolate Cyst Require Surgery?

As we mentioned above, primarily prescribed drugs are not helpful for the complete healing of chocolate cysts. Cyst treatment with medication is only the first step in treatment to alleviate your symptoms, have a comfortable menstrual period and keep your hormones under control.

Surgery for chocolate cyst;

  • painful symptoms
  • cysts larger than 4 cm
  • malignant cysts
  • Infertility (tube obstructions that may occur with the accumulation of endometriosis in the ovaries)

required in their case.

Chocolate cyst surgery;

  • Removal of Chocolate Cysts by Laparoscopy
  • Removal of Chocolate Cysts with Robotic Surgery
  • Cyst surgery with open surgery (rarely)

It is applied with 3 surgical methods.

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